PG+7

The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville on August 2, 1795. This was a treaty formed between Native Americans and the United States after the Native Americans lost at the Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794). In the treaty, the United States claimed ownership of large parts of Ohio, Chicago, and Fort Detroit from the Native Americans in exchange for $20,000 worth of goods. The treaty also ended the Northwest Indian War. **//Mediavilla//**
 * 91. Treaty of Greenville:**

Treaty of Greenville: [] - [] Battle of Fallen Timbers: []

Zebulon Montgomery Pike Jr. (January 5, 1779 – April 27, 1813) was an American soldier and explorer for whom Pikes Peak in Colorado is named. His Pike expedition mapped much of the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase. [] ROW
 * 93. Zebulon Pike:**

Zebulon Pike was born on January 5, 1779 in Lamberton, New Jersey. Zebulon was the second of eight children and was the only one who lived to adulthood. At 15, Zebulon enters his father's regiment as a cadet. He was put in charge of supplying frontier posts in Ohio. Pike later continued his father and served at Fort Massic in Illinois. Pike fell in love with Clarissa Brown while along the Ohio frontier as a regimental paymaster. Clarissa was the daughter of the general and after Pike was refused permission to marry Clarissa, they eloped to Cincinnati in 1801. The turning point in Pike's career was when he became the protegé of the commanding general of the US Army James Wilkinson. http://www.nps.gov/archive/jeff/lewisclark2/circa1804/westwardexpansion/earlyexplorers/zebulonpike.htm (Barton)


 * 94. Gilbert Stuart:** Gilbert Stuart was born on December 3rd, 1755 in Narragansett, Rhode Island. Stuart studied under Scottish portrait painter Cosmo Alexander and went on to study at the University of Glasgow after Alexander's death. After studying at the university, he reurned to America. He went on to set up several studios in Boston, Washington, New York, Germantown, and England.

Gilbert Stuart's works can be found in museums around the world. He painted portraits of Benjamin West, William, Woolett, John Hall, John Phillip Kemble, Sir Joshua Reynolds, and W. Grant of Congalton. Stuart is most well known for his portraits of George Washington: - [] - [] - []
 * //Mediavilla//**

Charles Peale was an American painter, soldier and naturalist. He is resposible for many portraits of early American leaders including the very famous “Washington at Princeton” which holds the record for the highest price paid for and American portrait. He also organized troops in and the Revolutionary War and became a captain in the Pennsylvania militia. [] Grace Crowe
 * 95. Charles Wilson Peale:**


 * 96. 12th Amendment:** Took affect in 1804. It changed the process of election of the President and Vice President. Originally each elector casts two votes, not of the same state as them. If one person received the majority vote, they were elected. If there were more than one person who received the votes, the House of Representatives would choose. The second highest voted person was then elected to Vice President, the tie for this situation was chosen by the Senate. This amendment created both the President and Vice President to be elected as a ticket, minimized the Vice's motivation for a coup. The elector now placed one vote for the President and one for the Vice to prevent multiple votes. The elector can't vote for a ticket containing members of the same state as them. If there is a tie for president, the House must chose between 3 of the highest candidates rather than the original 5. Determined that the House couldn't chose a president before March 4th. Also covered the event of death or other disabilities, which then the Vice President would serve as President. **---KV**


 * 97. Second Great Awakening:** A religious revival movement in the early 19th century in the US. It taught that people could be saved through revivals. This movement in turn created many new denominations. The movement was meant to rid the community of evil before the Second Coming of Jesus. It emphasized personal piety over education. The western revivals were much more emotional than those in the east. The behaviors of the strong middle class were expanded and legitimized. The revivals emphasized the ability of the individuals to reform their injustice filled and suffering lives. In the end, it had a huge impact, leaving many established churches and social reform.**--- KV**

When Jefferson was elected President in 1801, John Adams made last minute changes including passing the Judiciary Act of 1801 to put last minute stunts in the new Democratic Republican President's agenda. This Act appointed 16 Federalist judges and 42 Federalist justices, including William Marbury, the night before Jefferson became president. The appointments were approved the following day but commissions needed to be delivered to make the changes complete. This job fell into the hands of Secretary of State and now Chief Justice, John Marshall. However, he could not deliver all of the commissions before Jefferson became president. Jefferson immediately didn't allow the remaining commissions to be given causing those appointments to become void. Marbury being among these few, sued. Marshall being Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, saw the case and had to choose whether to rule for or against Marbury. Ruling for him, would only be defied by the administration but ruling against him showed the Courts to have no power. Therefore he ruled against him with the technicality that the judiciary branch had the right to decide if something was constitutional or not. This established the idea of judicial review in the U.S. and helped shape the future of our system of checks and balances. [] -Patterson
 * 98. Marbury v. Madison:**

**Wilkinson** was involved in several scandals in his years as a U.S. general and governor. He was a soldier in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War but was driven to resign twice because of the Conway Cabal and corruption controversies. After being temporarily moved to brigadier general, Continental officers were in an uproar because they did not think he deserved to hold the position above senior colonels. They believed he was involved in a conspiracy to replace George Washington with Horatio Gates, whom he had served under as commander-in-chief. In 1782, he became a brigadier general in the Pennsylvania militia and in 1793 became a state assembly. He moved to Kentucky and tried to help them achieve independence form Virginia. He was involved in another controversy with Spain, which was not discovered until 1854. He started a trading monopoly with New Orleans over the Mississippi River and swore alligiance, while trade was forbidden with Spain-occupied New Orleans. In 1803, he took part of possession of the Louisiana Purchase. In 1804-1805, he had connections with Aaron Burr but when he realized Burr's new nation did not have much support, he revealed the plans to Jefferson. This led to public accusation and he was put on trial, but found not guilty. He had mostly a military career, being commissioned for major general for the War of 1812. He was a widely disliked "villain". He was the first governor of the Louisiana Territory. He hoped to lead an expedition with Burr that would capture Mexico from the Spanish
 * 99. James Wilkinson:**

Brinkley text pg. 203 Chapter 7 [|James Wilkinson]

Albert Gallatin held the office of the Secretary of Treasury from 1801-1814. He opposed the War of 1812 and helped negotiate the Treaty of Ghent in 1814. After serving as minister to France and to Britain, he was president of the National Bank in New York City, which would later be renamed the Gallatin Bank. While in office he reduced the national debt from $80 million to about $45 million by means of most of the federal revenue. KW []
 * 100.** **Sec. of Treasury Albert Gallatin:**

When Jefferson tried to eliminate all Federalists from judiciary because he was Democratic-Republican trying to eliminate all opposing opinions in the judiciary branch. Jefferson encouraged Congress to impeach Supreme Court justice, Justice Samuel Chase, a Federalist, after removing district judge John Pickering of New Hampshire from office. Chase had delivered "stridently partisan speeches" from the bench, but we commited no crime, but commited no crime. After Jefferson's urging, the House impeached Chase and sent him to trial in 1805. Republican leaders were unable to get two-thirds vote to convict Chase int he Senate. This helped establish that impeachment would not become a regular weapon used to eliminate politicians.
 * 101.** **Justice Samuel Chase:**

Brinkley text pg. 199 Chapter seven "The Jeffersonian Era"

This war was fought between the US and the Barbary States of Northern Africa, beginning in 1801 and ending in 1805. The US refused to continue paying tribute to the Barbary States against piracy and the pasha of Tripoli demanded higher payment as well and declared war on the US when payment was not received. President Thomas Jefferson sent naval squadrons to the Tripolitan waters where the US ships fought many skirmishes and raids, including one led by Stephen Decatur. The war ended five years later with a peace treaty favorable to the US. KW []
 * 102.** **Tripolitan War:** (also called the First Barbary War or the Barbary Coast War)

When Jefferson tried to eliminate all Federalists from judiciary because he was Democratic-Republican trying to eliminate all opposing opinions in the judiciary branch. Jefferson encouraged Congress to impeach Supreme Court justice, Justice Samuel Chase, a Federalist, after removing district judge John Pickering of New Hampshire from office. Chase had delivered "stridently partisan speeches" from the bench, but we commited no crime, but commited no crime. After Jefferson's urging, the House impeached Chase and sent him to trial in 1805. Republican leaders were unable to get two-thirds vote to convict Chase int he Senate. This helped establish that impeachment would not become a regular weapon used to eliminate politicians.
 * 103.** **Lewis and Clark/ Corps of Discovery:**

Brinkley text pg. 199 Chapter seven "The Jeffersonian Era"

This affair occurred June 22, 1807, near the coast of Norfolk, Virginia, when the HMS Leopard, a British naval ship, attacked the American USS Chesapeake frigate. During this attack men were wounded and British deserters were rounded up, leaving the American citizens angry. Thomas Jefferson then closed all American ports to British warships, demanding compensation for the damages and requesting to search for the "deserters" that had been taken. The attack heightened tension between the two already tense countries and was one of the causes that led to the War of 1812. KW [|﻿www.wordiq.com/definition/Chesapeake_Leopard_Affair]
 * 104.** **Chesapeake-Leopard Affair:** (Also called the Chesapeake Affair)

The War of 1812 was fought by the British and the Americans. The British, who was constantly fighting with France, did not like that the Americans were trading with both countries. The British began impressing American seamen and overall disturbing the peace so at first Madison decided it was best to stop trade with both countries altogether. The British were not appeased with that either so Madison was forced to submit a declaration for war to the US Congress, who would approve the declaration. KW [] [|www.wisegeek.com/what-was-the-war-of-1812.htm]
 * 105.** **War of 1812:**

**PG 8**